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Vision therapy is a controversial treatment option used with children who have reading disabilities. Vision therapy is most often prescribed by an optometrist, who also offers the treatment at an additional cost.
Decades of research, including many brain imaging studies, tell us that dyslexia is caused by inefficient wiring in the brain. The part of a child’s brain meant to handle reading processes just doesn’t work right for some children. While vision issues may make reading problems worse for some children, vision, in and of itself, does not cause a learning disability.
Still, some developmental optometrists prescribe vision therapy – with the promise that it will help a child learn how to read.
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Types of Vision Therapy
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- Eye exercises to improve binocular function
- Can help symptomatic convergence insufficiency
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Behavioral/Perceptual Vision Therapy” open=”no”]
- Used to improve visual processing and visual perception
- NOT scientifically proven to provide any benefits
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Myopic Vision Therapy” open=”no”]
- Used to prevent or correct nearsightedness
- NOT scientifically proven to provide any benefits
[/fusion_toggle][fusion_toggle title=”Irlen Glasses/Lenses/Filters” open=”no”]
- Used to treat visual-perceptual difficulties caused by light and color sources
- NOT scientifically proven to provide any benefits
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Vision therapy used to treat or “cure” dyslexia is not supported by most professional organizations, including:
- The International Dyslexia Association
- American Academy of Ophthalmology
- American Assocation for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
- American Academy of Pediatrics
- American Association of Certified Orthoptists
The Academy of Optometry and the American Optometric Association issued a joint statement explaining why vision therapy is useful in treating a variety of reading problems. No recent research from the past 10 years is used to support their statement, however.
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NOTE: An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor (MD) who specializes in the health care of eyes and the visual system. An optometrist is a licensed health care professional who specializes in basic vision screenings, diagnosing certain eye diseases, and prescribing eyeglasses. Both health care practitioners call themselves “doctors”, but ophthalmologists have substantially more training and experience.
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Last modified on April 15, 2026
